Dinamika pemikiran Islam di Indonesia: telaah sosiologis atas pemikiran pembaruan Islam Nurcholis Madjid 1970-1972

It has widely been held that Islam is a universal religion covering all aspects of life, the teaching of which is so extensive and flexible. Regarding this universality of Islam, it is important to note that not all its universal teaching is promulgated in the Qur'an and Sunnah. The Muslim responsibility is, therefore, to interpret and implement it according to the change of time. In line with this, the renewal of Islam, in addition as the necessity of history, is also a religius responsibility. Referring to this reality, some Muslim intellectuals give their responses, one of whom is Nurcholish Madjid. Observing the renewal thought of Nurcholish Madjid -later is called NM-amidst the dynamics of Islamic thought in Indonesia, is an interesting topic to discuss. Viewing from the substance, NM's ideas are more often of controversial ones, at least in the view of some other Muslim intellectuals. The purpose of this research is to understand and to describe the orientation and types of NM's renewal thought amidst the dynamics of religious thought in Indonesia. This research is a literary one, regarding someone's religious idea.