Tarekat dan Moralitas: studi tetang Tawasul dan Robtho K.H. Muhammad Ali Hanafiah Akbar dalam membentuk akhlak karimah di Pondok Pesantren Suryalaya Korwil Indonesia Timur Surabaya

This article concerns with tawassul and robithoh practice of KH Muhammad Ali Hanafiah Akbar, a chief (guide or mursyid) of Qadiriyah wa Naqsyabandiyah sufi order, held in Suryalaya Islamic Boarding School, in Surabaya. More followers of this sufi order (tarekat) have many problems in behavioral mentality, like not existing harmony in their community or family. Three methods used here to gather data; 1) indept interview, to know background of followers to allow tarekat program, and their affection after practizing tawassul and robithoh; 2) participant observasion, to know situasion about tarekat exersice and environtment of tarekat doctrine application; 3) documentaire, to understand the doctrine of this tarekat wrote in a guidebook. The result of this study—by content analysis approach—can be conclused; First, this tarekat is have affiliation to Suryalaya Boarding School in Tasikmalaya established by Abah Anom, Shohibul Wafa’ Tadjul Arifin. The application of tawassul and rabithoh here go on two levels: First, repent degree, whowever student acts washing night, at 02 o’clock, praying to Allah to be placed on good manner in the life. Even instructed to clean body both external and internal always repenting to Allah with praying repentance (salat al tawbah rak’atayn). So, he have to applicate wudlu, anywhere, because Allah loves His worshiper cleaning and repenting of sin. Second, worshipping degree. Previously, student become learned about dzikr Allah loudly and secretly, even reading shalawat munjiyat to pass examination in the life. After that, he exercise tawassul and robithoh begun with reading al Fatihah directed to prophet Muhammad Saw, the mursyid, Muhammad Ali Hanafiah, and Abah Anom, and all teachers of tarekat. During exercise of dzikir, tawassul and robithoh, student illustrates the face or figure of the teacher, Abah Ali and Abah Anom, both teaching kindness of behavior and directing true way to Allah. Therefore, the impact of tawassul and robithoh eventually is that the student feel meaningful in the life, because he have partner in the life, even that partner always accompany him worship to Allah. Finally, tawassul and robithoh can be used as an effective method in mental or spiritual education, especially, the tawassul and robithoh offer two prime elements in education, both are existence of model or idol of teacher, and also, good environment. However, unless of both model and good environment, education have no significancy anymore.